Financial Performance and risk management analysis of Domino printing Essay

Money related Performance and hazard the executives investigation of Domino printing plc 01302 - Essay Example With 2200 workers, Domino printing plc is working its business activities in excess of 120 nations around the world (Domino, b). The portion of worldwide deals of the organization in various districts is delineated underneath: In this report, the opposition conditions and global business activity will be talked about with the assistance of examining the Domino printing plc monetary execution. Moreover, the dangers the board identified with conversion scale hazard and nation and political hazard will be assessed. Right now, Domino printing plc has extended its business worldwide in which the essential division is being done geologically which incorporate three prime areas, for example, Europe, America, and Asia with the remainder of the world. The business income from these prime districts is introduced beneath: In the area of Europe, Domino printing plc do coordinate deals in the few nations, rest of the appropriation is finished by the wholesalers. Europe was a decent market for the organization in the year 2014. Organization figured out how to produce 12% higher deals in 2014 when contrasted with 2013 because of development in Germany (Domino, 2014b). Notwithstanding, in the area of America the development was not agreeable particularly in Central and South America because of the 7% decrease in neighborhood money and the frail and shaky financial execution in Brazil and Argentina (Domino, 2014b). Asia and the other residual locales has turns into the developing regions for Domino printing plc. In this area the interest of checking and coding has been increments in 2013 in light of the expanded number in the working class. China and India were the solid market for the organization in 2014 in light of the fact that the deal was high in these nations (Domino, 2014b). In the year 2014, company’s I-Tech item were propelled including A520i nonstop ink stream printer and V230i warm exchange over printer which got a positive reaction from the clients, besides, organization likewise remains the individual from FTSE4Good list (Domino, 2014b). Anyway the

Russia Foreign Policy free essay sample

The residential political setting and its interaction with the worldwide setting are basic components in the examination of the projection of Russian force and impact. In a consistent quest for balance between the national intrigue, universal trade offs and the bartering/concessions duality, Russia has been seeking after a strategy of confirmation, both in local and worldwide terms. Be that as it may, this has been where lines of (dis)continuity produce delicate shapes that are not in every case simple to get a handle on. Hidden this course are issues about Russian personality and how this assumes a job both at the household level and in outer arrangement dealings. Notwithstanding, an undeniably self-assured tone is perceptible. Regardless of whether this is as yet a declaration of lost realm not yet survive or the aftereffect of incredible inside advancements is here dissected. This paper points, in this manner, to examine Russian international strategy making, revealing insight into lines of congruity and irregularity in this ceaseless, however not direct, look for insistence. We will compose a custom paper test on Russia Foreign Policy or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Watchwords: international strategy; multi-vectorial; multipolar; personality; Russian Federation Introduction Russian legislative issues after the finish of the virus war have undulated by inner and outside requirements, with an end goal to adjust and react to the new inside and global conditions. The Russian Soviet legacy stays solid after the separation of the Soviet coalition, and Moscow’s dealings with its new force status, vital observations and character development stay a wide test. The Russian Federation is a huge nation with a brought together arrangement and very much characterized political, vital nd monetary interests, in view of a solid hand at home and extreme position towards outside issues thought about essential to Russian interests, The creator recognizes money related help from the Center for Social Studies and the International Studies Association for the introduction of this paper at the 49th Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, San Francisco, March 2008. This is a changed rendition of the paper introduced at this show. ? 1 The Making of Russian Foreign Policy: Lines of (Dis)continuity in a Process of Affirmation ursued in numerous cases outside the conventional forms of law based practices. The supposed â€Å"managed democracy† plans to be the characterizing model for anauthoritarian style of administering dependent on the holding of appointive procedures. This mirrors a blend of western qualities and the alleged â€Å"Russian way†, bringing about a blend in legislative issues. In view of a vertical force equation portrayed by Russian specialists as a required confirmation for request and democratization, the centralization inclines in Russian governmental issues appear to contain the heaviness of the country’s supreme past with which Russia has not yet completely settle. Indeed, the Soviet supreme rationale is still a lot of present in Russian international strategy, communicated in Russia’s current pattern of assertion and recovering of impact. This arrangement has permitted some coherence in Russian post-cold war dealings, regardless of the upsand-downs coming about because of the need to change in accordance with an all-adjusting global setting all through the post-cold war decade (1990-2001). The psychological militant assaults of September 2001 in the United States established, nonetheless, a defining moment. The United States got unmistakable, advancing a decisive plan. Russia responded and followed, adding a progressively certifiable position to talk and activity. In a post-cold war setting, Russian international strategy turned out to be ace dynamic and expected a confirmed tone, underlined by down to business and pragmatist contemplations about Russian prospects and cutoff points at home and abroad. This paper investigates the elements basic Russian international strategy, with the point of distinguishing its drivers, procedures and objectives. Leaving rom the supposition that Russian international strategy follows the rule that the meaning of the national intrigue is the reason for the quest for (inter)national targets, and taking it with regards to the interlinkage of the inner/outer relationship as a bi-directional procedure really taking shape of international strategy (Rosenau, 2006; Katzenstein, 1976; Hill, 2003; Saideman and Ayres, 2007; Alons, 2007), Russian international stra tegy dealings are a declaration of Moscow’s wish for insistence and worldwide acknowledgment of its job in provincial and worldwide governmental issues. Driven by a good residential setting, through the centralization of intensity at home and the quest for an emphatic arrangement abroad, grasping adjusting strategies, for example, those in regards to the United States, regulation, concerning China, or impact and control as occurs towards a portion of the previous Soviet republics, it applies multilateral participation for achieving a multipolar request, at the same time with the quest for an unquestionable put in this worldwide request. This condition of drivers, systems and objectives is underlined by a 2 The Making of Russian Foreign Policy: Lines of (Dis)continuity in a Process of Affirmation ombination of realpolitik components, deciphered in power legislative issues at the premise of Russian international strategy dynamic and execution, and constructivist lines, with issues of personality and observation molding international strategy results. The projection of Russian force and impact exhibits a consistent quest for balance bet ween the national intrigue, global trade offs and the bartering/concessions duality. Nonetheless, this has been where lines of (dis)continuity produce delicate shapes that are not in every case simple to get a handle on. An inexorably confident tone is observable under Putin, after the irregularities of the Yeltsin years. The arrangements of the recently chosen president in March 2008, Dmitry Medveded, are relied upon to go with the same pattern on Putin, yet are still to be tried. In that capacity, this paper contends that the developing self-assuredness in Russian international strategy is as yet a statement of a past not yet survive, of the way(s) Russia characterizes itself (the personality question), and the consequence of inner advancements that have permitted a strengthening of Russia, components that obviously add to in)actions with respect to lines of progression and intermittence in the country’s international strategy, rendering it a ceaseless, however not straight, look for insistence. Lines of (dis)continuity in Russian international strategy: a staggered model of investigation The post-cold war decade may be portrayed as a time of â€Å"soft revisionism† as an outflow of R ussian quest for its own place after the separation of the Soviet Union, in a for the most part non-angry way, trying to keep up the harmony between its distinctive international strategy objectives and the worldwide setting where these were anticipated. This decade permitted the explanation of Russian international strategy destinations, regardless of different alterations, bringing about the modification and selection of central records, for example, the international strategy idea, the national security idea and the military teaching (2000). These reports solidify the bearings, choices and goals of Moscow’s outside arrangement with the depiction of special territories for activity alongside the requirement for an agreed and progressively decisive course in both residential and universal terms. September 11 will somewhat extend these Russian destinations, as further dissected. 3 The Making of Russian Foreign Policy: Lines of (Dis)continuity in a Process of Affirmation Russian international strategy has been moving as indicated by a few variables, both endogenous and exogenous, however the fundamental post-cold war organizing standards and objectives have stayed after some time. What has been changing and giving a feeling of undulation to Russian arrangement making has been the conjugation of means and openings in the definition and quest for advantages. The pattern proposes that though Yeltsin was a lot of concentrated on the outer setting, responding and modifying ceaselessly to the progressions occurring at the global stage, Putin moved the concentration to inner issues, understanding this move as basic to continue Russia’s outwards look. This implies with Yeltsin, Russian international strategy was basically receptive toward the western situating, either requesting or consenting. This was recognizable especially in the principal years after the finish of the virus war, during Yeltsin’s first command; the mid 1990s saw an adjustment in the direction of Russian international strategy, with an all the more consoling tone and reaffirmation in what Moscow characterized as its â€Å"near abroad†. Primakov was the very pinnacle of significance in this update of Russian international strategy, just as in giving more direction to financial change inside the nation, having been instrumental in the designing of these crucial movements. Perhaps the best case of this changing pattern was Russia’s antagonistic response toward the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) mediation in the Balkans in 1999. It gave an away from of disappointment with United States and European approaches towards the zone, and demonstrated a harder position as far as its situation in the global framework, obviously looking for acknowledgment of its status as a pertinent force. With Vladimir Putin, the union of inside development and soundness made ready for an inexorably positive tone in international strategy. Laying on a down to business evaluation of Russian prospects and cutoff points, Putin presented substance to the idea of a multi-vectorial strategy, which has loaned to Russian outside dealings a feeling of congruity and steadiness by including the CIS as a need territory, just as the western and Asian measurements. Be that as it may, by broadening the bundle, Putin additionally got included room, playing with th

How to Write a Psychology Essay on Workplace Stress Topics

How to Write a Psychology Essay on Workplace Stress TopicsDoes your Psychology Essay on Workplace Stress Topics relate to The Job? Do you know why your boss is getting upset with you? Do you know why he is telling you to 'Just Man Up'? Are you struggling to cope with your job and family life?It's a dilemma faced by millions of people all over the world: our human nature and our need for order that leads us to react to other peoples' actions. The reason we react this way is so we can maintain our security. We have been programmed that people who take pleasure in their self-expression are the ones who make trouble.This belief in the self-proclaimed rogue of evil-doing has lead people down the path of stress and unhappiness. A good percentage of people in Western societies suffer from some form of stress related disorder. Stress has a dramatic effect on the human body and brain. It impacts both the conscious and subconscious minds, and often creates behavior that is simply irrational.Ho w to Write a Psychology Essay on Workplace Stress Topics? The first step to deal with your stress is to acknowledge your problem. The second step is to acknowledge the behavior you are engaging in - the part that is irrational - and find a way to change your behavior.Here's an analogy that I like to use: imagine you had a superpower that would enable you to stop feeling bad about yourself - and your life. Now, instead of living your life, you feel good about your life, and your life is better.Stress is simply the reaction you take to the chaos and turmoil that life throws at you. What can you do to stop it?One of the reasons we respond the way we do is because of our primitive, unexamined human behavior. Stress can be a good thing. It has a purpose. It is our body's way of preparing for something that may come.Stress, though, can be dangerous. One of the ways to deal with stress is to learn how to meditate, practice yoga, or take up meditation and spiritual practices. It is these ap proaches that will allow you to learn how to deal with stress and learn how to address the underlying problems that caused you to react to the chaos in the first place.

Kurt Vonnegut Analysis - 1239 Words

Kurt Vonnegut The Nonsense of War and Billy Pilgrim The firebombing of Dresden by the Allies took as many as 135,000 innocent lives (AE). Among those firebombed, there was Kurt Vonnegut, a U.S. POW during World War II being held captive by the Nazis (AE). Strategically, the firebombing was senseless (AE). Many have speculated that the purpose of the bombing was to disrupt the Nazi war machine, which would make sense if it wasn’t for the fact that Dresden contained no heavy industry (AE). The Allies also stated that it was a strategic communication point used by the Nazis, something they could never prove (AE). Many today believe that the true motive for the bombing was to punish the Germans for their own atrocities (AE). When looked†¦show more content†¦Many of the characters within the story are on either side of the spectrum. Characters such as Roland Weary see war as a rite of passage, and an advancement of their own manhood. A character such as Roland is symbolic of the false glory the general population sees in wa rfare, his violent mannerisms are representative of someone who is either psychotic or sociopathic. Contrast Roland with the lead of the story, Billy Pilgrim. Billy Pilgrim is by all accounts, not fit for warfare. In the story, when Billy is with his three companions before being captured, he â€Å"had no helmet, no overcoat, no weapon and no boots...He was the only one of the four who had a beard...He didnt look like a soldier at all† (Vonnegut 18). This description, and many other similar descriptions of Billy during this time, show that he is an observer of war, not a participant. At the same time if Billy Is just an observer of the war, then why is he truly there? It’s simple, he was drafted. Billy as a character is thrown around a whole lot. First, it is with being drafted and sent to Luxembourg, next it’s when he is taken prisoner by the Nazis, and finally again when he is abducted by the Tralfamadorians and is unhinged and thrown through time without much control over where he is going. Nevertheless, the reason Billy is so out of place in is because, Billy is the lens in which the reader sees the war, Dresden, the prison camps, and all the other awful thingsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Kurt Vonnegut s Slaughterhouse Five Essay2080 Words   |  9 PagesNatalie Lubben December 5, 2016 Rhetorical Analysis Essay Draft Slaughterhouse-five War is a virus, a plagues our world and has experienced since the early ages of time. Once a war is cured a new strain begins stronger and more unforgiving as the last. Humans are creatures of habit which continue the violence. Kurt Vonnegut’s novel, slaughterhouse-five, is a deliberate and well developed statement against war as expressed through the tone, rhetoric, and characters, making anti war a prominentRead MoreAnalysis Of Harrison Bergeron By Kurt Vonnegut905 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† by Kurt Vonnegut, Vonnegut expresses the dangers that could be caused in total equality. He deliberates the pain his characters have to endure through their handicaps they received from the government to assure equality in society. Vonnegut explores the dangers that total equality brings to society. Harrison’s attempt to free people of their equality is accompanied by Harrison’s parents, sitting on the couch having to deal with their hand icaps while trying to focus on Harrison’sRead MoreAnalysis Of Kurt Vonnegut s Slaughterhouse Five 1453 Words   |  6 PagesTo Go or Not to Go? So it goes. Defining post-modern works, can be daunting, but the main traits of post-modernism are embracing skepticism and overturning conventions. With this in mind, Kurt Vonnegut explores war drawing parallels from his own past experience and depicts it through his character Billy Pilgrim allowing the reader to see the dichotomy in reality and fiction, separating his novel from the normal layout of a linear novel. Also, Slaughterhouse-Five discusses the controversial militaryRead MoreAnalysis Of Kurt Vonnegut s Slaughterhouse Five 1634 Words   |  7 PagesKurt Vonnegut once said, â€Å"So it goes† to describe the unavoidableness of fate. This aspect of seeing terrible things and being able to continue on would become a main theme in his novels. Vonnegut, as an author, received his essential voice by writing about his own experiences, using what would become his signature pessimistic yet humanist view. Vonnegut is described by Lindsay Clark as, â€Å"Worse than a pessimist†¦ he is an eternal optimist doomed to disappointment† (Clark, â€Å"Viewing Four Vonnegut NovelsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Harrison Bergeron By Kurt Vonnegut859 Words   |  4 Pages Kurt Vonnegut wrote a short story called â€Å"Harrison Bergeron.† This story takes place in a world where everyone is one hundred percent equal through restraining anyone with an above average natural anything. It start of with the George and Hazel Bergeron watching television. Then a strong and intelligent young man named Harrison Bergeron made the choice to appear on that broadcast and speak against the handicaps before getting shot by the Handicapper General. This story shows that individuality makesRead MoreAnalysis Of Kurt Vonnegut s Harrison Bergeron 935 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† Kurt Vonnegut reveals the truth about world. Vonnegut farther explains how humankind is controlled by America’s first amendment of everyone being created equal. The main character of the story, also a protagonist Harrison Bergeron aims to let the world know what is truly happening to them. He is killed by an antagonist Dianna Moon Clampers who is a handicapper general. The futuristic short story is written in a third person omniscient. It’s told y a narrator who seems to knowRead MoreAnalysis Of Kurt Vonnegut s Harrison Bergeron 953 Words   |  4 PagesEquality. The most sought after desire in society. Each person has the felt the disease of envy for another’s talent, wisdom, or beauty. The heart, mind and soul are never replicated between two humans. This places one’s envy as a never ending cycle. Kurt Vonnegut’s story, Harrison Bergeron, focuses on the theme that society and government aspire to make all citizens equal by restricting them and making all handicapped for the purpose of obedience only to inadvertently achieve inequality. The shortRead MoreAnalysis Of Harrison Bergeron By Kurt Vonnegut Jr.1242 Words   |  5 Pages If you were to live in a society in which citizens are literally equal in every aspect of their lives, would you consider this kind of society a utopia or dystopia? The science-fiction short story, â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† by Kurt Vonnegut Jr. depicts the future of a world where the First Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America is interpreted and executed literally, where every man is believed to be created equal. If you happened to have been born strong, beautiful, intelligentRead MoreAnalysis Of Kurt Vonnegut s Harrison Bergeron 1322 Words   |  6 Pagesdon’t stand out. This is life in Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.’s short story â€Å"Harrison Bergeron.† Harrison, a brilliant and strong 14 year old boy, decides he doesn’t want to follow the government s rules anymore. He sets out to overthrow the government, knowing he may not succeed. Throughout the story Vonnegut expresses the theme that standing up for what you believe in despite the dangers is the morally righteous and necessary thing to do. A major theme in Kurt Vonnegut, Jr’s short story, â€Å"Harrison BergeronRead MoreAnalysis Of Kurt Vonnegut s Harrison Bergeron 873 Words   |  4 Pagesstate of being equal, especially in status, rights and opprtunites, But in Kurt Vonnegut story â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† equality is far from being equal. In this story, though it tries to paint an imaginary picture of a future in American society where everybody is finally equal before God and the Law, and where nobody is smatter, better, looking, stronger or quicker than anybody else, but that is actually not the case. Vonnegut, indirectly in this story re-echo’s the popular Animal Farm saying that â€Å"All

Berry College Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

Berry College is a private Christian  liberal arts college with an acceptance rate of 66%. Founded in 1902 and located near Rome, Georgia, Berry has the distinction of having the largest contiguous campus in the world. At 27,000 acres, the Berry campus encompasses fields, woodlands, and an entire mountain. Berry offers over 75 undergraduate majors, minors, pre-professional programs, and concentrations through its four schools including dual-degree programs in Engineering with  Georgia Tech  and Kennesaw State. The college has an 11-to-1  student / faculty ratio, and an average class size of 18. In athletics, Berry has 21 Division III NCAA teams and is a member of the Southern Athletic Association. Considering applying to Berry College? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Berry College had an acceptance rate of 66%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 66 students were admitted, making Berrys admissions process somewhat competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 3,970 Percent Admitted 66% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 19% SAT Scores and Requirements Berry College requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 46% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 570 660 Math 540 650 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of Berrys admitted students fall within the top 35% nationally on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Berry scored between 570 and 660, while 25% scored below 570 and 25% scored above 660. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 540 and 650, while 25% scored below 540 and 25% scored above 650. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1310 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at Berry College. Requirements Berry does not require the optional SAT writing section, but the admissions office will consider it if submitted. Note that Berry participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. ACT Scores and Requirements Berry College requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 54% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 23 32 Math 22 27 Composite 23 29 This admissions data tells us that most of Berrys admitted students fall within the top 31% nationally on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Berry received a composite ACT score between 23 and 29, while 25% scored above 29 and 25% scored below 23. Requirements Berry College does not superscore ACT results; your highest composite ACT score will be considered. Berry does not require the optional ACT writing section, but will review the writing section if an applicant chooses to submit it. GPA In 2019, the average high school GPA of Berry Colleges incoming freshmen class was 3.78. This data suggests that most successful applicants to Berry College have primarily A grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Berry College Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Berry College. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Berry College, which accepts two-thirds of applicants, has a somewhat selective admissions pool with above average GPAs and SAT/ACT scores. However, Berry also has a holistic admissions process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. A strong application essay and glowing letters of recommendation can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful extracurricular activities and a rigorous course schedule. Students with particularly compelling stories and achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their grades and test scores are outside Berrys average range. In the scattergram above, the blue and green dots represent students accepted to Berry College. Most admitted students had a GPA of a B or higher, an ACT composite score of 20 or better, and a combined SAT score (ERWM) above 1000. The chances for admission are better with grades and test scores a little above these lower ranges. If You Like Berry College, You May Also Like These Schools Morehouse College.College of William and MaryRollins CollegeUNC Chapel  HillJames Madison UniversityGeorgia Tech All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Berry College Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Background and Origin on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

SARS( Severe acute respiratory syndrome) Background/Intro/Origins SARS, also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome was first found in Foshan, Guangdong in November of 2002. SARS is a very new and rare disease. SARS was officially recognized as a threat by the World Health Organization in March of 2003. This outbreak was the only one ever recorded of its type, up until the recent Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. Scientists recognized SARS as a variation of the coronavirus. In humans, the typical coronavirus is one of the many that cause the common cold. In livestock, the virus is found to create serious and fatal diseases. Scientists believe that this variation of the coronavirus originated from civets and the Horseshoe bat. Corona viruses are known for their ability to mutate in order to spread among humans. Transmissions SARS is transmitted through the droplets of vapour from coughing and sneezing. Contact with these droplets and the objects the infected touched would also transmit SARS. Some scientists theorize that SARS is an airborne spread virus. Epidemiological analysis also indicated that SARS was spreaded along the routes of international air travel. Symptoms Fever Dry cough Shortness of breath Chills Body aches and pains Nasal congestion Diarrhea Malaise (a general feeling of discomfort) Muscular stiffness Loss of appetite Confusion Rashes Diagnosis Blood tests Blood culture Sputum culture Stool sample to detect theShow MoreRelatedEvaluating The Simplicity And Timeliness Of Sars Surveillance System2048 Words   |  9 Pagesthe simplicity and timeliness of SARS surveillance system: Simplicity: As mentioned in background section, the flow chart explains the functioning of SARS surveillance system. However, at the time of epidemic, the case definition had to be revised frequently. The geographic information system tools, identified the clusters and hot spot and targeted the intervention to contain the spread at the point of origin. [5] The system complex to be executed, as it was based on syndromic surveillance henceRead MoreA Rare And Complex Anatomic Variation Artery1853 Words   |  8 PagesBackground: [ ]. A rare and complex anatomic variation artery of single origin which arise from posterior cerebral artery that supply blood to thalamus and midbrain first described by Gerard Percheron[1 ]. Unpredictable and inconstant clinical presentation is noted in a rare case in a stroke patient which involve artery of Percheron. Artery of Percheron arises from posterior cerebral artery that supplies paramedian areas involving upper mid brain and thalamus. These particular structures of brainRead MoreThe And Food Safety And Security5803 Words   |  24 PagesThrough foods human exposure to chemicals of animal origin is a acknowledged topic in food safety, which is related to various problems concerning, e.g. â€Å"Mantovani et al., 2006†, residue analysis of chemicals used in animal production â€Å"(Macrà ¬ and Mantovani, 1995)† and regulatory management. In the last decade, attention has gradually seeked and shifted towards the assessment of potential health implications of ch emical intake through foods of animal origin; for example, some concern exists about the characterizationRead MoreCardiovascular Disease Is The Leading Killer For Both Men And Women Among All Racial And Ethnic Groups1772 Words   |  8 Pagespain is defined as a general term for any dull, aching pain in the thorax, usually referring to that of acute onset, which is often regarded as being myocardial in origin unless proven otherwise (McGraw-Hill n.d.). Chest pain is a warning to seek medical attention and can be caused by many reasons. The subjective complaint of chest pain can vary depending on the patient’s cultural background. The use of the â€Å"PQRST† mnemonic can help assess and differentiate chest pain. Assess the following characteristics:Read MoreThe Classification of Cannabis Under the Misuse of Drugs Act 19715890 Words   |  24 PagesADVISORY COUNCIL ON THE MISUSE OF DRUGS The classification of cannabis under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 ADVISORY COUNCIL ON THE MISUSE OF DRUGS 1. Background 1.1 In October 2001 the Home Secretary asked the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (the ‘Council’) to review the classification of cannabis preparations in the light of current scientific evidence. The Council is established under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 to keep under review the drug situation in the United KingdomRead MoreStaphylococcus Aureus ( Mrsa )2874 Words   |  12 PagesBackground Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive, cluster forming bacterium which shows positive results in catalase and nitrate reduction tests. It is considered as a harmful pathogen for human and animal beings and has resistance to many classes of antimicrobial agents. The most important example is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the first clinical isolate, reported at the end of 1960, within a year after the introduction of methicillin (Jevons et al., 1963). AfterwardsRead MoreThe Definite Haemodynamic Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Hypertension7200 Words   |  29 Pagesventricular, pulmonary artery and pulmonary capillary wedge pressures and cardiac output. As this is an invasive test with risk and cost implications diagnostic algorithms have been devised that combines clinical assessment, non-imaging cardio-respiratory assessment and non-invasive imaging in patients suspected of having pulmonary hypertension. The initial aim is to establish a tentative diagnosis of pulmon ary hypertension, to assess its severity and to identify the underlying aetiology. SubsequentlyRead MoreEasyjet Analysis4494 Words   |  18 PagesCONTENTS Introduction 3 Background 3 External Impacts 5 Political and Legal impacts 5 Economical impacts 6 Sociocultural impacts 7 Technological impacts 8 Environmental impacts 9 Other impacts 10 Staffing and recruiting 10 Branding 11 Competitors and competitive advantage 11 Future expansion 12 Conclusion 13 Recommendations: 15 References 16 Introduction Nowadays aviation is a big industry. According to Hanlon (2004) it origins from 1919 just after the SecondRead MoreDental Question Bank33485 Words   |  134 Pagesrarefaction. The patient’s temperature is normal. The day before he had a series of gastrointestinal xrays at the local hospital and was given a clean bill of health. The condition is A. B. C. D. E. Acute periapical abscess Angioneurotic oedema Infectious mononucleosis Acute maxillary sinusitis Acute apical periodontitis 11. Internal resorption is A. B. C. Radiolucency over unaltered canal Usually in a response to trauma Radiopacity over unaltered canal 12. On replantation of an avulsed toothRead MoreThe Banyan Tree: Branding the Intangible5078 Words   |  21 PagesWith around 34 hotels and resorts scheduled to open over the next three years, Banyan Tree faced the challenge of translating and maintaining the success of a niche Asian hospitality brand into various market segments on a global scale. Company background By end of 2008, BTHRs managed and/or had ownership interests in 25 resorts and hotels, 68 spas, 65 retail galleries, and two golf courses in 55 locations in 23 countries. Since its establishment in 1994, the company’s ï ¬â€šagship brand, Banyan Tree

Computer Information Systems Brief free essay sample

In order for the company to continue to thrive, consideration of growth opportunities will also be analyzed. In addition, the threats that Kudler may encounter if changes are not implemented will also be discussed throughout this evaluation. The owner of Kudler Fine Food stores offer gourmet foods and fine wines all within one location. All store locations offer baked goods, meat, seafood, produce, cheese, dairy products, and wine with little or no preservatives added. The success of Kudler Fine Foods is in part from the systems that the stores have in place. For example, the current computer system is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, the owner provides training to all employees and is, therefore, understood by all employees. This understanding of the computer system enables the daily operations of the business to thrive as sales increase. As the company moves forward and introduces changes with technological advances, continued employee training is a must with the installation of new hardware and software programs. Another down-fall of the current manual system in place is the risk of human error. Common errors include calculation mistakes and the transposing of figures. Upgrade Options A few options exist for converting from a manual to a computer based. The lower end of computer automation would be the use of a general purpose software application package. One example would be Microsoft Office which is similar to the current package in place. This package includes word processing, spreadsheet, database management presentation graphics, and personal information management. The high end would be application specific programming. These programs are designed for the specific purposes such as business accounting, transaction processing, customer relationship management and resource planning (O’Brien and Marakas, 2008). Still even more specific would be custom software, prepared for the specific needs and desires of Kudler Foods. Benefits of System Conversion Currently all major business transactions outside of customer sales and training classes are handled by one individual. The fact that this one individual is responsible currently for three locations, with more to come soon, is an even greater reason to look toward full system automation. Using the right software program will allow the activities of all three current locations as well as any future locations to filter into one main database. Information gathered into the one database can then be used for analysis, comparison, and reporting purposes without the need to physically travel to the various locations. There are also financial and accounting benefits of moving forward with system automation. Accounting packages available offer automated reporting of receivables, payable, expenses, and revenue. There is even a useful tool of check printing, recording, and reconciliation. Through computer interfacing with the financial institutions that Kudler maintains its financial accounts reconciling information can be transmitted electronically via secure internet connections. The use of account and product codes would be an asset to the inventory capabilities of an automated system. Sales and other transactions of each individual store location would have a unique identifier code. Merchandise that is supplied by each location would have product codes. Each determined area of the locations would have and identifying department code, for example meat, produce, bakery, etc. Data collection using the various options of coding allow the system to collectively report any pertinent information, or individually report according to location, department, item, and so forth as defined by Kudler Fine Foods. An added benefit of computer hardware and software is mass communication capabilities both internally and externally. The use of groupware allows communicating to one or several individuals without the use of paper, pens, postage or other office supplies. Memorandums, spreadsheets, and other documentation can be distributed through email, thus cutting office supply costs and information delivery time. One example of groupware is Microsoft Outlook. Through the use of the internet information is electronically transmitted to various specified locations and users. Using the internet for some business transactions would allow for product orders and advertising. Internet marketing and advertising allows Kudler to reach a far greater population than local advertising such as school ads. In addition to above mentioned incentives, internet usage for business would open the door for e-commerce. E-commerce gives potential customers outside of the normal driving radius access to products of Kudler Fine Foods. Customers would have the ability to shop via the web, select items of choice, and pay for the merchandise prior to Kudler shipping the product to a customer specified location. Possible Threats of Conversion The use of the internet is a great tool. Some benefits were previously mentioned, but there are also some threats. Threats such as viruses, spyware, sniffing, malware and several more exist whenever the internet is used. Each of the threats mentioned is an attack on the security of the company. There are various defenses that can be used to safeguard against these threats. In conjunction with limiting employee access to the internet, other defenses include firewalls, intrusion detection systems, value-added networks and proxy servers (Bagranoff, 2008). These defense mechanisms help to fight off unwanted attacks and unauthorized access to company data. Security Defenses Security threats can be internal as well as external. This being noted, there are also database management system software. This technology can be used for development, access, and maintenance of the database of Kudler (O’Brien and Marakas, 2008). More specifically this type of software can specify what personnel have access to specific locations within the computer system. It can determine if the access granted is read only or if the specified end-user has update capabilities. Conclusion In conclusion there are various options available to Kudler Fine Foods for the advancement of its business and accounting procedures. Evolving to a more technological computer programming system opens the door to more proficient record keeping, more cost effective communications and financial reporting, and business expansion. Potential security threats exist, as with all types of systems, whether it’s manual, semi-automated or completely high tech automation. There are tools available that make securing data just as strong a force as the posed threats. Kudler’s decision to move forward with total automation would increase time management, information accuracy, consumer population, and customer service.

6 Brand New Ways to Use One English Worksheet to Nail Down Your Grammar Skills

6 Brand New Ways to Use One English Worksheet to Nail Down Your Grammar Skills 6 Brand New Ways to Use One English Worksheet to Nail Down Your Grammar Skills To be good at English, international students should work hard all the time because before going to an English speaking country, they need to learn the language first. Given this fact, their almost every English studying class passes with the help of worksheets. But what happens with these worksheets after the class? Students throw them away, as they do not see any reason to do the same task again It seems boring for them! But what if you can substitute a heap of worksheets with only one to gain different goals? Learning English as a second language becomes easier if you do it interactively. There are some ways to use an already analyzed card to train different skills and not to be bored with it. Let’s have a look at these interesting and, above all, useful ways to reuse one English worksheet to nail down your grammar skills. 1.  Ã‚   Extend the Sentence Here you use the material from the worksheet, but now your task is to extend sentences making them complex or compound without changing the tense. Completing such a task, you are practicing the particular grammar tense and, moreover, recollecting the material about complex and compound sentences. Thus, there is one more additional benefit of such a task. 2.  Ã‚   Assort Synonyms Once again, you use the same worksheet, but this time you read each sentence and mull over the synonyms to the main verb that could extend the sentence without changing its main idea. Completing this exercise, you are to use your word-stock to assort as many synonyms as possible. To motivate yourself more, do this task as a competition with your friend, who also wants to learn English. After such a contest the winner could be awarded, for example, with a tasty goodie. 3.  Ã‚   Make a Short Story Read every sentence and imagine a situation where this sentence would be suitable. Then, choose the sentence you like the most and tell a story you’d like to develop to your family members or friends. This particular task involves improving some skills: on the one hand, you improve your speaking skills using a fixed grammar tense, on the other hand you develop creativity and imagination that are also very important not only on grammar classes. 4.  Ã‚   Change the Type of the Sentence One more exercise can be devoted to the types of sentences. You have to   know three of them: affirmative, negative and interrogative. You read the written sentence and change it into other types. If the sentence is affirmative, the task is to make it negative and interrogative. If it is negative, you make it affirmative and interrogative. 5.  Ã‚   Change the Voice of the Sentence The voice in the English grammar is a tricky unit that should be practiced for a long time to be understood. You read a sentence, if it is used in active voice, make it passive, if it is in passive, make it active. 6.  Ã‚   Make a Themed Story It is perfect if there is a holiday in your area in the nearest time. But if it isn’t, you may choose any holiday you like. The task is to read all the sentences and unite them into a complex story about your favorite holiday. This task can also be organized as a competition with your friend, or a group mate. If your partner is from another county, you may tell about your national holidays, for example. The funniest story could land a prize. Thus, you can see that you mix up creativity, desire and an analyzed grammar worksheet, it is possible to â€Å"cook† a brand new task. Do not get sloppy! There is no need to peruse the internet or to submerge into the heap of books finding extra exercises to practice any grammar topic. Solution is nearer than you think. Enjoy your English classes! If you need certified writing assistance, we will easily write an English research paper for you, on any topic.

Visa H-2B para trabajar temporalmente en Estados Unidos

Visa H-2B para trabajar temporalmente en Estados Unidos Con una visa H-2B se puede trabajar temporalmente en Estados Unidos en una gran variedad de empleos, quedando excluido el sector agrà ­cola. Pero para que las embajadas y consulados emitan los visados es necesario cumplir una serie de requisitos que regulan quià ©n puede obtenerlos y en quà © condiciones. El principal es que el proceso lo inicia la empresa estadounidense que patrocina la visa. Es decir, no se puede ir al consulado sin tener antes la empresa que comenzà ³ los trmites y ya obtuvo aprobacià ³n de papeleo dentro de los Estados Unidos. En este artà ­culo se explican los puntos fundamentales, como quà © tipo de trabajos se pueden realizar, de quà © paà ­ses hay que ser ciudadano para poder beneficiarse de este tipo de visas, quià ©n debe solicitarla, quià ©n puede acompaà ±ar al beneficiario, etc. Ciudadanos de quà © paà ­ses pueden solicitar una visa H-2B El Federal Register publica cada aà ±o el listado de paà ­ses cuyos ciudadanos pueden beneficiarse de este visado,  varios son de Latinoamà ©rica. Espaà ±a tambià ©n est incluida.   Si no se tiene pasaporte de uno de esos paà ­ses, no se puede tener este tipo de visa. Para estas personas podrà ­a ser de interà ©s informarse sobre la visa C1/D para trabajar en cruceros. Existen agencias con buena reputacià ³n encargadas de seleccionar trabajadores en distintas capacidades para cruceros. Quà © tipo de trabajadores se contratan con la visa H-2B Todo tipo de trabajo no agrà ­cola que tenga un carcter de temporada, o corresponda a un pico de trabajo o sea intermitente por su propia naturaleza u ocurra una sola vez. Como ejemplos: En hoteles en zonas de veranoEn tiendasEn restaurantes cmo meseros o cocinerosConstruccià ³nEn cocinasEn parques temticosFeriasEn jardinerà ­a (landscape)En estaciones de ski, desde trabajar en recepcià ³n de hotel a limpieza pasando por mantenimiento o monitor de ski, etcEn procesamiento de pescados, siendo por ejemplo muy comà ºn trabajar en factorà ­as de ese tipo en Alaska Là ­mite en el nà ºmero de visas H-2B que se pueden aprobar cada aà ±o Hay un là ­mite al nà ºmero de visas H-2B que se conceden anualmente. Cada aà ±o fiscal, el Congreso de Estados Unidos establece un nà ºmero mximo de visas de esta categorà ­a que se pueden conceder. Actualmente est fijada en 66,000, de las que la mitad se conceden en el primer semestre del aà ±o fiscal y el resto en el segundo semestre. Si el cupo no se ha agotado en los primeros seis meses, esas visas pueden sumarse a las disponibles para repartir entre el 1 de abril y el 30 septiembre. Adems, en julio de 2017 el gobierno de los Estados Unidos ha aprobado 15,000 visas adicionales para el el segundo semestre fiscal corriente.   No  estn incluidos en ese conteo los que realizan sus labores en las Marianas o Guam o en el sector especializado de huevas de pescado. Cà ³mo se inicia el proceso para obtener estas visas El patrono o las organizaciones autorizadas son los que inician el proceso. Es decir, NO es posible presentarse en un consulado de los Estados Unidos si no hay antes una compaà ±Ãƒ ­a americana que inicia los trmites.  Una persona por sà ­ misma no puede solicitar la visa, necesita el patrocinio de la empresa. Si el USCIS da su aprobacià ³n, entonces la persona extranjera podr solicitar ante la Embajada o consulado americano que le corresponda una H-2B. Tiene que  pagarse la cuota o arancel correspondiente por su tramitacià ³n. Adems, si no se cumplen todos los requisitos, la visa puede ser denegada por causas muy diversas  por ser inelegible para la visa o por ser inadmisible para ingresar en Estados Unidos. Siempre va a ser un requisito que el beneficiario hable mà ­nimamente inglà ©s, pidià ©ndose en ocasiones un mayor nivel, dependiendo del trabajo que se quiere cubrir. Cà ³mo tienen conocimiento de estos trabajos los extranjeros que se encuentran en sus paà ­ses Es comà ºn que este tipo de empleo se ofrezca a travà ©s de agentes, reclutadores o agencias de servicio de empleo. Estos agentes no pueden solicitar ningà ºn tipo de cuota, arancel o pago al trabajador extranjero a cambio de ofrecerles un puesto de trabajo, sin embargo y lamentablemente es una prctica muy habitual. Se recomienda utilizar los servicios de una agencia o reclutador con excelente reputacià ³n y este es un listado  Ã‚  de ms de 60 reclutadores en Mà ©xico.  Adems, destacar 2 agencias con buena reputacià ³n que ponen en contacto a personas interesadas en estas visas con empresas patrocinadoras. En primer lugar Alliance Abroad y en segundo lugar Exchange Abroad. Es muy importante insistir en que es necesario tener mucho cuidado en hacer averiguaciones sobre la reputacià ³n del reclutador ya que, lamentablemente, hay mucho abuso y fraude en este tipo de visas. Validez de la visa H-2B En general este tipo de visa se concede por un periodo de 1 aà ±o. Puede extenderse hasta dos veces por un periodo de un aà ±o hasta un total de 3 aà ±os. Se deber entonces abandonar Estados Unidos por tres meses antes de volver a aplicar por una nueva visa. Hay que tener en cuenta que la condicià ³n fundamental para que la visa sea vlida es que el empleado està © realmente trabajando. Si el extranjero con una visa H-2B no se presenta a trabajar en los cinco dà ­as siguientes a la fecha de inicio de empleo o si es despedido, o si se ausenta del trabajo cinco dà ­as seguidos sin notificar al empleador la razà ³n de la ausencia entonces el patrono notificar dichas faltas al USCIS y las autoridades migratorias entienden que se est violando las condiciones de la visa y, por lo tanto, ya no es vlida. Lo mismo sucede si el trabajo se acaba al menos 30 dà ­as antes de la fecha programada. Si el trabajo que se ha venido a hacer se ha acabado, se debe abandonar Estados Unidos. Para ms informacià ³n sobre cundo se puede ya viajar a EU con esta visa y sobre el periodo de gracia para salir, se puede consultar este artà ­culo. Familiares de trabajadores temporales Si la persona que recibe una visa H-2B est casada puede viajar a Estados Unidos con su esposo o mujer y sus hijos, siempre y cuando à ©stos està ©n solteros y sean menores de 21 aà ±os. Los familiares tendrn una visa H-4 y no estn autorizados a realizar ningà ºn tipo de trabajo durante su estancia en EUA. NOTA MUY IMPORTANTE Lamentablemente, se dan casos de abusos a trabajadores que tienen una visa H-2B o una H-2A (muy similar, pero para trabajar en agricultura). Adems, tener presente que en Estados Unidos tanto los trabajadores legales como los indocumentados tienen derecho a que se les pague el salario mà ­nimo  o ms.   De interà ©s Entre todas las visas que permiten trabajar temporalmente en Estados Unidos destacan otras dos que pueden ser de interà ©s para las personas sin estudios universitarios o sin habilidades especiales. Son la C1/D para tripulantes que se utiliza para trabajar en cruceros y la H-2A para trabajos agrà ­colas. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es consejo legal para ningà ºn caso concreto.

Short case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Short - Case Study Example This article seeks to explore some of the problematic details in the relationship with specific reference to the value of unions to the Canadian economy. The general thinking behind the establishment of trade unions is the safeguarding of the welfare of workers. In the rush to make profits and enhance their corporate profile, companies may engage in trade practices that contravene their moral obligations to the workers. Proponents of trade unions including United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW) work under the philosophy of protecting workers from the excesses of corporate practices (Business Case 8). Comparative evidence, case reviews and situation analyses indicate a gap in trade union activity between the United States and Canada. Unlike Canada, there has been a significant decline among workers in the United States to join trade unions (Bronfenbrenner, 2007). Differences in corporate culture and working practices have been cited a determining factor of the differences between the United States and Canada. Critical questions continue to attend to the question regarding the value of unions in the Canadian economy. Although collective bargaining agreement are meant to secure the interest of workers, past incidences show and precedence shows that companies would not easily cede to the demands by workers, which may lead to dire consequences on the economic front (Segerlund, 2010). Basically, collective bargaining denies the corporate world of the individual initiative and competition within the work force. This is because the workers are conditioned to operate under some common laws, which do not inspire the nurturing and growth of individual enterprise. One case that is easily recalled was the tussle that pitted Walmart and UFCW in 2009. Walmart refused to accept the condition set by the arbitrator and chose to close down its stores. Walmart’s action illustrated a growing resistance by the

Vietnam War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Vietnam War - Research Paper Example The political matters in the society were compromised by invasions by other countries such as the United States. Both poems have incorporated themes and motifs that represent the Vietnamese society in the modern world. However, there are in their views that are discussed in the following explanations. They have been based on themes and motifs from both essays. Denise in his poem, ‘What were they like,’ has come up with different themes that expose the characters of the Vietnamese society during the war (Mahoney 180). He explains that their light hearts have been turned to stone. It means that the wholes society has been infiltrated by the external societies leading to the awareness. However, different authors have come up with strategic plans through the use of poems to develop new revolutions that cater for human rights. Critics argue that the poem has been used to represent the elite members of the community int. However, the provided knowledge has been used to help the Vietnamese society internally to take care of invaders. The forced entries include economic and political accesses. The poem represents mens actions at war. There are various principles that have been used by the author to ensure that the war processes and strategies that have been used in the war (Mahoney 180). However, the author has used familiar approaches on his poem that show the life of the Vietnamese elites and the authorities. He is in protest against the war and uses his literature skills to help in the halt of the war. His poem’s main question is to help individuals prevent a brief description of the intruders came up with strategies to kill most of the Vietnamese society and leave them in morning due to the mourning and deaths caused by the war. The poem also argues on the resistant nature of the Vietnamese society to prevent Western societies to cause change in their land. Most countries in the Vietnamese region have come up with tactics to stop the

Key Theories Of Desistance From Crime Criminology Essay

Key Theories Of Desistance From Crime Criminology Essay When a criminal is able to stop the behavior that characterizes his or her criminal activities, the gradual process involved is what is termed as desistance. Apart from the fact that it has practical applications for probation workers with criminal offenders from the community, desistance also has a strong link and connection in the rehabilitation of a criminal. However, it is evident that theories of desistance when compared to the theories of the start of criminal behavior have not been fully researched on and expanded in the field of criminology (Smith, 2007). It is therefore a good sign when studies of desistance increase drastically especially since the last twenty years; this has been particularly noticeable after the formulation of the life course theory that was done by Sampson and Laub. But as Piquero (2004:103) explains, continued research has been significantly affected by methodological and theoretical issues. Moreover, theorists in the field have not been able to come up with a universal definition of desistance. Consequently this paper endeavors to create a workable definition of desistance and to furthermore give a preview of the updated main facts and theories of desistance. Understanding desistance Oxford Dictionary defines desistance as, to desist or to stop doing something; cease or abstain. Applying this definition to criminology is however a bit technical. The big question is usually about time, if a criminal is able to stop a certain criminal behavior for four weeks for example, is it correct to classify him or her as an accomplished case of desistance? What is the recommended time for one to be sure that he or she is free from the crime? Developing a clear definition of desistance therefore becomes quite an issue especially since it is not well understood whether or not relapse and recidivism are crucial in the study of desistance. The option of observing a criminals past behavior to best highlights his or her possible future behavior is also still not well structured (LeBel et al, 2004). Laub and Sampson (2001) as a matter of fact agree that a definition of desistance cannot be made, they support that the questions in a particular research best deduce the definition of d esistance for the researcher (cited in Maruna, 2006). According to Shadd Maruna, for a habitual offender, any recognizable time spent without doing any crime is called primary desistance. However studies on recidivism and relapse cannot be complete without an outline of achieving long term desistance. Maruna goes on to therefore state that secondary desistance is when a criminal is able to change his identity and take an almost permanent direction to a life free of the initial crime that was a norm in his behavior. Studying secondary desistance is important as it seeks to understand how initial offenders can be able to keep a distance from their crimes. Desistance is therefore not the final result of the end of a crime; it is actually the process that is gradual and continuous till the end result of successful desistance. Sampson and Laub (2001) acknowledge that there is a huge difference between the stopping an offence and the continuous change to a crime free lifestyle. They mark that as compared to theories of offending, desistance theories have not yet been fully studied and explained, however desistance is now understood as the procedure necessary for acquiring a n accomplished state of non-offence. It is important that a criminal who wants to change must be willing to change his or her self identity and concept to be able to grasp the full context of change. Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990) explain that on the contrary it is a common occurrence to find ex-offenders who have undergone desistance commit other acts of deviance, (cited in Sampson and Laub, 2003: 298). Desistance is therefore basically the ability of a former criminal to be able to completely withdraw from a crime and to maintain being in that state regardless of the challenges involved when trying to keep away. Some of these challenges are drug abuse and addiction, unemployment, few academic opportunities, social pressure and return to environments with high crime rates (Richards and Jones, 2004). Career criminals are those who have been criminal offenders for a considerably long period of time (Maruna, 2001). According to Laub and Sampson (2003), career criminals rather than small time offenders should be given more attention in researches on desistance. However another major problem in the study of desistance is the availability of completely successful offenders in desistance to the researchers in the field (Maruna, 2001; Burnett, 2004). Total desistance to many ex-offenders is quite a hard step as most of them usually end up going back to their initial criminal tendencies (Piquero, 2004). Addiction is a very significant factor that is more often overlooked yet its contribution to the whole process of desistance has a major impact on the ability of a criminal to completely change. It is therefore important to understand the connection between the two before arriving at a definition of desistance. From a number of researches it has been recognized that the link between addiction and criminal activities is actually very strong. A drug addict is therefore more likely to engage in crimes (Maruna, 2001). Moreover the cause of addiction and criminality are as a matter of fact very similar. Frisher and Beckett (2006:141) found that a large percentage of drug abusers are very active members in criminal gangs. Therefore, when defining desistance, it is necessary to note that the complete resistance of both criminal offending and drug abuse must be realized (Maruna, 2001). To achieve the purpose of this paper desistance can be described and defined as the initial process allowing quality desistance from drug abuse, criminality and other forms of deviance for an ex- criminal. Quality desistance in this case is the is the total termination of previous criminal behaviors together with other possible forms of deviance like drug abuse for at least ten years accompanied by a change in the identity of an individual. Desistance theories Ageing Age has been found to be a significant factor in criminology, as one grows older it is noted that their level of criminality greatly reduces. (Smith, 2007; Sampson and Laub, 2003; Gluecks, 1943; cited in Sampson and Laub, 2003; Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990; cited in Sampson and Laub, 2003). In 2000 in the United Kingdom 19 year olds were found to have committed crimes fifty times more those which men of over fifty years had committed. According to research the total lifespan of a criminal is usually general considering factors like early deaths, imprisonment and when a criminal is evolving to avoid being detected (Maruna, 2006). In a research of 411 criminal males in London, Farrington (1990) realized that as the criminals grew older, their crimes reduced greatly with time but this however depended on different types of crimes (cited in Smith, 2007). For example, burglary is at its highest at age 20 while fraud and drug abuse offences record their highest at the age of 25 all the way to 30 as burglary sets on a steady decline afterwards. Nevertheless for the persistent hardcore criminals into their 70s, there was a clear connection between their age and their crime rates according to studies by Laub and Sampson (2003, 2005, 2005b). Furthermore they realized that alcohol and drug offences were their highest in the mid- thirties as compared to other offences. They finally came to a conclusion that both age and the type of crimes affect the whole process of desistance as well. However there have been different explanations to the not clear age crime curve. Developmental criminologists have been able to link the age of an offender and the capability of total desistance to childhood related issues. (Mulver et al, 1988; cited in Sampson and Laub, 2003; Nagin, 2005; cited in Sampson and Laub, 2005a) Offenders are therefore divided into two distinct groups, the adolescent and the persistent adult offenders. As a result it will be evident that in their late teens the adolescents will be able to grown out of crime and will be able to work on their social circles basically due to their education and good social integration skills. The adult offender however will find it very hard to terminate deviancy due to unsuccessful relationships, academic prospects and also due to their low cognitive capabilities (Moffitt, 1993; 1994; cited in Sampson and Laub, 2003). As a result of this theory, criminals are therefore grouped into two separate groups that are very different from each other due to childhood causes. And for any chance of desistance then one has to be in the right group. Sampson and Laub (2003; 2005a; 2005b) on the other hand are against that approach and explain that anyone can be successful in desistance irrespective of which group they fall in (2003:179). According to them childhood factors of offence do not determine desistance but instead help to explain the whole process of desis tance. Gottfredson and Hirschi have their views as well and point out that with the gradual process of growing old offenders usually find themselves stopping deviance (1995; cited in Sampson and Laub, 2003). They expound that for any organism there is always a stage of discontinuity that applies to criminology and the study of desistance and its links with age. Consequently, desistance becomes an expected phenomenon in the normal life of a criminal. Maruna (2001) however does not fully agree with this because according to him desistance, especially at the beginning, takes a huge amount of emotional, psychological and even physical effort and resources. Gluecks (1943) agrees with this too because he highlighted that desistance is from a change that comes with maturity, meaning, an offender gradually stops committing a crime (cited in Sampson and Laub, 2003). This process is more often evidenced after the age 25 when a criminal starts tiring and gets less involved with crime. This theory howe ver is not left out on the criticisms since it is claimed that it does not fully address the issue of age and its role in desistance (Maruna, 2001; Sampson and Laub, 2003). Acknowledging that age is a significant factor in desistance, Sampson and Laub (1992) further argue that the importance of turning points in life and social contacts is underestimated in the maturational reform (cited in Maruna, 2001). Life Course Theory A significant study on 500 men up to the age of 32 was carried in the 1930s and 1940s by the Gluecks (1943; cited in Sampson and Laub, 2003; 2005a; 2005b). Sampson and Laub later on in an impressive research followed up on 52 of these men and investigated on their criminal career to the age of 70. They found out that the causes of desistance and persistence are actually opposites, namely, deliberately productive agency, establishment of limits in social relationships and organized routine activities (Sampson and Laub, 2003; 2005a; 2005b; 2006). Their finding indicated that job stability, military service and marriage were able to positively contribute to achieving desistance. These turning points were realized in the process of desistance whereby an offender seeks to start a new life by changing location or even starting a new job like entering the military for example. This however does not necessarily involve starting over, sometimes these offenders work to gain back and maintain t heir original contacts like a job or a marriage in their quest to stop their criminal tendencies. Whichever path desistance takes these turning points often lead to: an elimination of the past chance for the growth and development of new social contacts that have a positive effect on an individual types of direct and indirect evaluation and observance of character planned routines with a central concern to family rather than peers circumstances allowing for change in identity and development of new scripts of a new self These factors, they explain are true and are not affected by the type of marriage and the crime life of an individual , though informal, parenthood and cohabiting have also been linked to successful desistance (Sampson and Laub, 2006; Katz, 1999). Individuals with none of these social bonds are also more able to stop offending because; in the end they do not lose anything. Rebecca Katz (1999:13) indicates that, families may play a significant role in developing desistance since family influences self control and delinquency. Life course theory emphasizes on the strong influence of the social environment to offending explaining that absence of criminal peers reduces the chances of an individual ever engaging in offences and in the end positive attitudes favoring change will grow (Warr, 1998; cited in Sampson and Laub, 2003). Life Course Theory contradicts the link between developmental theories in criminal careers and desistance. It agrees that adulthood experiences are essential as w ell but to some point more significant in establishing the possible trajectory of desistance (2003). Circumstances, structural set-ups and personal choices all work together to promote desistance. The theme that desistance is a systematic process that continuously gets renewed, underestimates the importance of research on personal encouragement and the influence of social environment (Sampson and Laub, 2003:171) Agency Yet another essential element that has been pointed out as key in achieving successful desistance is agency. (Burnett, 2004; Maruna, 2001; McNeill, 2006; Maguire et al, 2006; Maruna, 2001; Sampson and Laub, 2005 a). The theory of rational offence understands the fact that a criminal is able to make decisions based on his judgment of what is good or bad according to him in his crime life. Agency therefore works hand in hand with rational choice in the key decision making processes of a criminal. Agency is important since it assists in the overall process of making a rational choice. Furthermore, when the inconsistent prototypes of criminal activities are considered together with financial and familial challenges most criminal encounter the theory of rational choice cannot by its own back up volitions to desist (Burnett, 2004; Sampson and Laub, 2005b). In their study of the Gluecks men Sampson and Laub (2005a) discovered that agency was a necessary component in the process of desistanc e. There is more to the structural support in the process of desistance, agency is required to offer the determination and persistence part of the equation. Agency determines the will to keep moving on and only those who are persistent will be able to manage the whole process. Measuring the determination and charge to persist the whole process of desistance is quite a challenge and as a result creates yet another crucial factor in the concept of turning points (Maruna, 2001) (Sampson and Laub, 2005a:177). Moreover it is a quintessential component in the study of desistance and persistence in a criminal career that has however not been fully researched to date. In their research of the life course theory Sampson and Laub assert that they have been seeking to explain the importance of the human agency as an aid in understanding desistance and other deviance forms (2003:177). Knifing offà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ ones past, has come out to be a vital element to describe the ability to be able to accomplish a successful desistance for some individuals. To achieve this voluntarily, agency is necessary since it is one of the most difficult things to do and needs a lot of determination. It is a process that is more often accompanied by cutting all past contacts and establishing new ones for example geographical location and family. Most importantly though, Maruna et al (2006a) explained that it can as well involve change from the inside, or a change in the way the offender thinks about him or herself, their past, and their environment. It is this positive change that motivates an offender to persist on and maintain desistance for longer (Maruna, 2001; Sampson and Laub, 2003; 2005a; Maguire et al, 2006). Contemplation time was found to be a crucial moment that assisted in creating a turning point to desistance according to a study by Margaret Hughes (1998). And it was found that the opportunity to contemplate came as a result of a change in geographical location, imprisonment and residential treatment programmes. Hughes participants found their desire to change develop when they removed from the usual environments and being able to get ample time for self actualization. Social identity Researchers have tried to explain the phenomenon whereby some individual are able to sustain long term resistance while others do not, and it has been discovered that apart from agency, an individuals self identity change is similarly necessary. When an offender creates a a different set of beliefs and perspective chances of maintaining desistance are normally guaranteed to some point (Burnett, 2004). That is why programs like the cognitive behavioral therapy and the 12 step that work to develop a change in personal identity are advocated for during incarceration (Maruna, 2001). Each and every individual, whether an ex-offender, offender or normal citizen has a unique self identity through which their actions are guided upon, it is therefore as a result of this mechanisms that give people the different circumstances they exist in. The significance of change in a criminal life is often subjectified by self-narratives (McNiell, 2006). More often though not a fact; self narratives have been of assistance when people seek to explain their actions. Narratives very often change throughout the life course and understanding narratives, helps individuals realize the significance of past and present events in our lives (Sampson and Laub, 2005a). In a desistance study in Liverpool, Shadd Maruna investigated the different self narratives of two distinct groups of offenders whereby one persisted and the other desisted, to account for the changes in ex-offender identities (Maruna, 2001). He was able to find out that both the desisting and persistent criminals actually had more or less the same personality characteristics and were not as agreeable and conscious as the general population. Self-narratives are the only components that divided the two groups after thorough interviews. Active offenders had what Maruna called a, condemnation scriptà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ (2001), meaning, they saw life as an unfortunate abyss of hostility and uncertainty. They believed that circumstances had pushed them to their present situation and there was nothing they could do to change things and that the authority pushed them even further away. Desisting ex-offenders on the other hand had a positive outlook on their past and present and this is what assi sted them to continue with their desistance process. It is this self-narrative that may be the tool needed for successful desistance. The past and present life of an ex-offender is often different and this is almost basically due to the self narrative (Maruna et al, 2007). This self narrative attaches a psychological component to the real facts of the past and creates a purpose and meaning in the life of an offender. This is what brings about the positive outlook and assists in achieving desistance. In a study focused completely on religious changes of rehabilitated offenders, Maruna et al discovered that their self-narrative was interestingly altered after changing their religious beliefs (Maruna et al, 2006b). As a result the importance of this self narrative is once more highlighted as it helps an offender realize that the past can be changed and that the future has a hope even for those in long sentences. The offender is therefore able to have a new sense of identity, empowerment, purpose and forgiveness. The self narratives of most offenders in the desisting group have a common characteristic Maruna describes as, the redemption scriptà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ (2001). This is basically the belief that an offender is a good person and that his or her past was merely as a result of circumstances of crime, recidivism and addiction. As a result of this, the offenders are able to endeavor to live new lives as they continue in with their desistance. They are then able to view themselves as role models with the necessary knowledge and experience to advice and educate the next generations, something Maruna calls, Making Goodà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸. The major difference therefore between the desisting offenders and the persistent ones is the positive energy they surround themselves with. Confidence and self belief are as a result pointed out to be essential qualities as they guide an offender to understand that their past was a necessary component for them to be where they are at the present. This redemptive narrative helps them realize that they are not their past and that their future is what that matters. The acknowledgement of a supreme power beyond them has also been a contributing factor in the lives of these offenders. This is because they realize that their past might have been a plan to give them the positions they hold in the present, like being counselors and youth leaders. This moral superiority and change from the past, according to Maruna, is to make up for long stretches of lost life. During desistance according to Stephen Farrall some offenders undergo long periods of creating new social identities (2006:85). However much these offenders change, it is not forgotten that they acknowledge they are responsible for their criminal past. Ideologies that ex-offenders feel responsibility and burden from their past crimes are actually not evidenced by researches (Maruna, 2007). Successful offenders in desistance often admit to the guilt of their past but they however rationalize their actions and justify or blame themselves and accept that circumstances might have pushed them to criminality. Sometimes however they do not accept their actions and believe that the society pushed them to crime. This however does not cultivate the necessity of an ex-offender to acknowledge the wrongs from past life rather than putting blame on the society and the initial environment (Maruna, 2001). The Liverpool Desistance Study prove that a concurrent characteristic of the redemption script is an offender accepting to take control of changing his future however they do not acknowledge their past crimes. However a concurrent observation is made that most candidates of successful desistance accept responsibility for their past and future and have the will to persist the challenges they will face. Maruna (2001:88) consequently gives the summary of the desisting persons narrative as: development of inner beliefs that truly describes an individuals personality a positive look at an individuals capability of changing in the future the purpose driven enthusiasm of giving back to the community particularly the next generation Life-Course-Persistent and Moffit Adolescence Deviance: Groups of Development Moffitts (1993) concept of dual taxonomy of offending similarly tries to explain the processes of desistance and persistence. Moffitt (ibid) outlined that offenders can be grouped into two; adolescent limiteds and life persisters. Moffitt proposes that the two groups are different and unique from each other in their offence and desistance processes, with the life course persisters having a different aetiology to the adolescent limited offenders. It is explained that they may be suffering neurological problems that affects their cognitive and learning skills. This is therefore evidenced by poor social skills even in the family leading to the various forms of anti social behavior and poor self control Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990). Early signs of antisocial behavior are a common characteristic of life course persisters (for example under-age drinking, premarital sex) as a result they are often excommunicated from their initial societal setting because of poor behavior, development and social bonds. Early signs of antisocial behaviors like these are normally a clear indication of a persistent criminal career in the future. This will be in connection to the age graded theory meaning there patterns of crime will be different and theirs will be a continuous cycle of events of affected marriages, work, education and relationships. Moffitt continues to argue that adolescent limited are not affected by any neurological problems like life course persisters and are able to successfully develop their social networks and cognitive skills. Therefore the causal factors for their criminality are connected to the gap between social development, age and desires. Age for example prevents them from engaging in adult behavior like sex or drinking. As a result of deviance from their desires, they tend to associate with the life course persister leading to the growth of their deviance. However, due to their developed social skills and academic success they are likely to be able to change more easily if they choose desistance. This is because they will be able to depend on their strong social bonds for support. Maruna (cited Laub Sampson 2001) explains that as a result of giving more credit to dispositional rather than personality traits, the proper steps involved in discovering the consistency of criminality is achieved. Sampson and Laub note that when personality traits do not change gradually with time people are still more often capable of making a change. Researchers therefore have to examine other factors influencing personalities like personal strategies and self-perceptions Maruna (cited ibid). Narrative script There are two distinct narrative script types in the desistance literature that highlight how criminals really view themselves and their societal roles. For the persisters their script usually has a concurrent theme of condemnation. More often they blame external conditions like poor family relations and lack of education for their criminality. They generally have an external locus of control. In contrast the offenders who finally become successful in desistance have a redemption script. They are complete opposites of the latter and are fully responsible for their actions. As a result they make a positive choice to stop the crime by accepting rehabilitation programmes. They are described to have an internal locus of control. Factors that influence the particular narrative script that gets adopted by a criminal are majorly internal factors such as personality and genetics especially after rehabilitation. A higher chance of a redemptive script is noted to be as a result of intense rehabilitation. A probation workers relationship with an offender has also been linked to affect desistance. It is there important for these officers to have empathy skills that are crucial in the process of guiding an offender to desistance as they strive to be able to re-integrate back into the society. Relevance of desistance theory The desistance theory is relevant in a number of different applied and academic professions. The desistance theory to researchers may provide a foundation to be able to examine the different factors that contribute to the cessation of a criminal offence from a theoretical view. The desistance theory allows for a number of different crimes in history and their approaches like the Lombrosian biological positivism, to have consideration in the present society which has an evident difference in its ways of thinking. As a result criminology is more understood and its relationship with other disciplines like psychology, politics and social policy acknowledged. This will consequently allow the development of collaboration for a positive cause of reducing re offence rates. The desistance theory on a practical level has assisted the criminal justice system (CJS) to identify possible solutions to cases of reoffending of successful candidates of desistance through for example initiating community based sentences. This kind of programme is sure to gradually decrease the number of criminals in HM Prison Service institutions for short periods. Studies have shown that short-term sentences in prisons for example (those for less than six months) often lead to increased crime rates after release. This is well explained by the fact that these short-term prisoners to not undergo complete metamorphosis from not covering all the rehabilitation programs. Their exposure to the hard core criminals in the prisons who have been there for longer and have been experienced criminals also contributes to their overall change. In addition desistance theory assists in the continuous development of training programmes for the respective professionals responsible for working with ex-offenders in the community. For example the Probation Service (see Narrative script section, above). Controversies It is important for the general public to realize that desistance is achievable and takes time. Offenders should therefore not be viewed as bad people who cannot live with others even after rehabilitation programs. The public is therefore advised not to discriminate these groups of people in their society. Reintegration cases of offenders back into the society have always caused massive outrages by a large percentage of the public community. There are numerous related cases of such circumstances that have often been quite difficult and delicate to handle. For example in 2011, the case of the reintegration of Jason Owen, he had been imprisoned for allegedly taking part in the killing of Baby P (Peter Connelly) in 2007, and in 2011 he was the released after his sentence was over. The Sun newspaper immediately kicked off a campaign to find him. Readers were urged to write and report to the newspaper of any knowledge of his whereabouts. There was an article in the same newspaper that sent sentiments of outrage over the fact that the ex-convict had actually tried to find a job. This is a clear indication of how the effort of successful psychological research can be nullified by news reports in the popular media. This kind of outrageous reporting is especially a common characteristic of Tabloid newspapers. Their influence over the public is often impressive and they are as a result able to manipulate and affect the attitudes of the wider public towards their view of desistance and offenders. As a result of this, future recidivism is often developed gradually due to the ill-informed public. Newspapers then use this recidivism as proof of their initial correctness. Conclusion

Old Vs Young - Tragedy :: Free Essay Writer

The older generation of people in the play can be contrasted with the two young lovers. The lovers portray themselves as rash and impulsive who are filled deeply with emotions. Their elders, on the other hand, have experienced more in life and are probably wiser, thus they see things from a different angle. This leads to the elders not understanding the feelings of Romeo and Juliet, hence causing conflicts, misunderstandings and pain to arise. The older generation in this play refer to Romeo and Juliet's parents, the Nurse and Friar Lawrence. I do agree that the older generation did play a major role in their children's destiny through their foolishness and good intentions, but not all blame is credited to them because Romeo and Juliet did contribute to their own tragedy. Fate also 'thwarted our intents'. Montague and his wife show themselves to be caring and loving parents. After the fight on the streets of Verona, Benvolio is conversing with Montague and his wife about Romeo. Lady Montague knows her son has been troubled lately so she is glad 'he was not at this fray'. Montague has observed his son's distress, 'deep sighs', 'heavy son' and wants to relieve his despair, 'as willingly give cure as know'. From here, we can detect the good intentions of Romeo's parents, thus we know that whatever choice Romeo makes, they would have rendered their utmost support to him. Older people are often thought to be wiser. Capulet admits that it is easy for 'men so old as we to keep the peace' which shows that the feud between their families can be resolved. However, it is clear that no effort has been put into ending their quarrel. This highlights the idiocy of the two men which leads to the tragedy because the young lovers could be happily married when the feud ended. Capulet has good intentions when he finds a suitable match for his daughter. Paris is a handsome and gracious gentleman. It can be said though, that Capulet is acting out of pure selfishness because he knows Paris is a relative of the Prince which is why he, later in the play, insists that Juliet marry Paris. Lady Capulet is absurd in her description of Paris, 'a flower', 'to beautify him only lacks a cover'. Her attitude towards marriage and love is so artificial and she seems more interested in the wealth and nobility of Paris.

McDonald’s Corporation Essay

1.0 Introduction Almost everyone said that customer service is one of the most important managements of the company or organization to run a business. The company don’t have a business if they don’t have customers. If actions are not taken to make sure that company has a good customer service, in the end it will affect overall performance of the company or organization. The commitment on customer service should always begin at first to make a company successful. Time by time, business competition is getting tougher and increasing. If the company or organization cannot provide goods or services when customers wants or needs it, that company or organization market will take over by other companies. To prevent this situation happen, the company’s leaders or management groups must produce and provide goods or services to meet their customer’s expectations. Good customer service is the foundation of any business because it create a platform or idea to helps the company growth and also helps to increase company reputation. If customers are happy and satisfy with the goods or services that company produce or provide, They will becoming repeat customers by continue buying that goods or services. McDonald’s Corporation or McD is the world’s largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants. McDonald’s headquartered is in the United States and was founded by Ray Kroc in year 1955 after he purchased the rights to a small hamburger chain operated by the eponymous Richard and Maurice McDonald. McDonald’s first filed for a U.S. trademark on the name McDonald’s on May 4, 1961, with the description â€Å"Drive-In Restaurant Services†. McDonald’s major products are hamburgers, different types of meat sandwiches French fries, soft drinks, breakfast, and desserts. In markets, McDonald’s also provide salads and vegetarian sandwiches or hamburgers, wraps and other localized fare. There are local deviation from the standard menu at different country to follow local food taboos such as the religious prohibition of beef consumption in India. Today, McDonald’s become one of the most successful fast food chain because they delivering on the highest levels of quality, service and cleanliness to all of its customers in each and every restaurant. Their key to continued success is always and continually monitoring on the feedback given to them by customers. 2.0 Content 2.1.1 Customer Service Theories The customer service theory is talking about to retaining customer loyalty and loyalty still is the main core. If the company don’t have the principles of customer service to serve their customers, a company cannot survive. Customers will continue support the company products or services if the company cares about customers, their comfort and concerns. Adam Smith’s famous Wealth of Nations (1776) said that customer service is the core of the basic theory of competition. If one company wants to success, that company needs to understand what kind of products or services customers need time by time. If not the customer will go to other companies get what they want to satisfy their need. Customer service is almost same meaning with customer satisfaction and customer loyalty and it links each other in a chain. Customer service can creates customer satisfaction, and at the same time, it also creates customer loyalty. 2.1.2 The concept of customer service Customer service related to the relationship between a product or service provider and customer. An organization need to meet customer expectations and satisfy the customer in order to maintain good image .Customer service relates to understand both the nature of the organization’ customers. An organization need to identify customers according to different group. Customers are vary according to gender, age, social status and personality. Customers maybe one-time customers ,repeat customers or old customers. Each group have specific need for the business in term of service. Customer service behaviours include the factors of providing information, efficiency and following up the customers .The level of service provided depend on how the interaction between the organization and its employee. Therefore, attitude such as friendly, respect, polite, and helpful is important in term of variables. Employee can understand more the role they play in overall customer service within the organization and specific attitudes through employee training. Therefore, training need to refresh regularly to meet the change of customers need in service and competitors activities. Beside that, organization need to get feedback from customers in term of service. Good customer service depend on looking at customer’s perspective. Employee need to focus and discuss service issues on regular basis which can help them improve the standards of services. 2.1.3 Models Of The Improve Customer Service The new customer service model is customer service needs to respond to the social customer no matter it is traditional agent model or a new service community-based model or some combination . The core in customer service is how to minimize the problems and optimist the customer experience had .That is when there is a problem have to solve immediately ,the customer can be a first contact resolution by using multiple channels . Customer service is one of the part of the customer experience that is having the lowest price and the fastest deliver as well as reliable enough so you don’t have to contact anyone . Then your customer service improved. ( Jeff Bezos, CEO of Amazon) Through the study from RightNow & Yougov Plc in 2007 of 2800 British consumers proved that customer service can creates the real challenge because 69% of them complained between at least 1 time to the company .Over half of the respondents expected the problem to be fixed to their satisfaction .27% of the respondents claimed the problem was fixed to their satisfaction however 34% said no action was taken at all.(RightNow & Yougov Plc in 2007).. In this era of globalization ,citizens are relying to the cyber world so the customer service get problems especially communication problem .Therefore ,customer service has to concern about the social customer’s multichannel preferences to communicate . Customer play a important role as king .When they complain ,company must handle them well and provide a excellent customer service exceed the customer expectations . 2.1.4 Assumption For Improve Customer Service Customer service is important for a company. If doesn’t exist of customer service, I think consumer can’t get enough information to do their purchase. So, if hope to achieve successful on yours enterprise, you should more and more improve the customer service to reach the best way. As a worker or employee, attitude is a significant factor to serve your customer. No matter your customer is a child, women, or old people, you should respect them and serve them as well as possible. If not, you will lose the customer and affect reputation of company. Customers will more purchase your product if they feel they are respected by you. Otherwise, a company can offer face to face service. Service worker should be a good listener. Workers are supposed to listening what customer needs and problem patiently. This can help company obtain more information to satisfy customer needs. If workers doesn’t listen what was customer said, the customer will be feel doesn’t respected by you. Then the customer will have a bad impressive to our company. Next, worker training also bring large effect for a company. The worker that got training will be more experience. They can offer good customer service and provide more information about their product for the customer. If company doesn’t provide training for theirs worker, the quality of the customer service will very low. 2.2 McDonald’s practices/operations Employee training Training is a crucial part in McDonald’s with employees to give them the tools and resources they need to settle with complaints effectively. Employees should be encourage to identify customers who are dissatisfied and spread of potential complaints. This initial training is followed throughout the careers of restaurants ensure that they are always aware of the important of care and customers retention .Together with our manager, we also teach employees how to communicate effective on services either within the business . All new employees begin their McDonald’s experience with an induction into the company. Staff trainers should work together with trainees to learn the operations technique necessary for running each of the procedure in each restaurant. All employees will understand how to operate food service equipment and gaining knowledge of McDonald’s operational procedures through the training. Step-by-Step manuals and video tapes cover every detail, from how to learn communicate with customers, and how to provide good service to customers. Employees also learn how to train and supervise others. McDonald’s also act as â€Å"mentor†, to teach the interpersonal and organizational skills necessary for functioning effectively on any job for the first hired employee. McDonald’s business requires teamwork, discipline and responsibility to work out the results in order to improve communications skills as well as self-confidence. For example, The Management Training Centre (MTC) is McDonald’s prime UK training facility, to provide different type of business management and restaurant operations courses to franchise and management employees throughout the United Kingdom. The Management Training Centre also run few courses to give skills required by different levels of management, from restaurant shift management to mid – management. Technology Today, McDonald’s can receive and take note on customer feedback through the latest technology today. These technology also used by others retailers which in the customer service industry by record or take down customer contact either by internet, phone, or letter into a customer service database. By using the technology in the right way, McDonald’s can ensure that every of their customer can receives an accurate, personal and in time response. Based on the chart 1 below, most of the feedback method from customers is the internet. After McDonald’s had introduced the ‘Contact Us’ page at McDonald’s website, and it became the most popular way to let customers provide feedback about the McDonald’s products and services. Chart 1: Feedback method from customer Beside that, in technology field, McDonald’s also introduce free wireless internet access at almost every McDonald’s restaurants. Customers will be able to connect the internet via their mobile phones, laptop, games consoles and more. This free Wi-Fi service will benefit a lot of their customers like business peoples or students who can check their e-mail, surf internet, read news and more. The company’s president and CEO, Steve Easterbrook said: â€Å"We hope that this will be a breath of fresh air and give greater choice for Wi-Fi hotspot users who have had little choice but to pay by the month or hour to access the internet on the move.† Payment Before that, McDonalds do accept cash as a payment method only . Nowadays, technology are getting more advance in business field. McDonald provide a new payment method to convenient customers to make their payment either using debit or credit card for their meals. For example, IBM and McDonald’s Launch New Cashless Payment System in UK. IBM and Mc Donald had launch a new cashless payment system for 1,300 McDonald’s owned and franchised restaurants across the UK and Ireland for three year agreement .This system will operation by the end of 2010 which help McDonald’s cater to the increasing number of customers using credit and debit card payments. By using this system, customer experience have improving by increasing the speed and security of service at McDonald’s restaurant. This new system provide a secure way for payment service at McDonald’s. Security level increased with anti-tamper and fraud detection software installed on hand held chip and pin devices to help protect customer card payment. It can let customers feel safety when using this system for payment. This solution also help McDonald’s find a good way to operate its daily business more efficiently by centralizing business process into database which enable automated settlement and report. In this new era, IBM also provide technology consulting services to link and maintain the payment solution which is being designed and built around the McDonald’s point of sale . 3.1 Problem Encountered By McDonald’s Related To Improve Customer Service French fries of McDonald’s were discovered contain higher content of trans fat. Trans fat can cause cancer and can worsen the quality of milk in breast-feeding mothers as well as increase the risk to get diabetes and obesity .Trans fat also reported cause low birth weight and lower immunity level in babies .The fries is danger to human reproductive function because the trans fat that contained will reduce the quantity of male hormones and effect the quality of semen. From this case, we can know about McDonald’s doesn’t serve theirs customer in a proper way. McDonald’s was received complain from vegetarians that doesn’t stated that inside French fries contain beef oil. McDonald’s just stated the French fries were cooked in 100 percent of vegetable oil. This is not only affect the vegetarians, the Hindu customers also impact by McDonald’s. McDonald’s should not give the wrong information to theirs customer. This is because information very important when the customers make the decisions. Some McDonald’s franchise was provided low quality of foods control. The burger had been complained is hard rock and hard to bite and the patty had lost it’s juicy .Furthermore ,the lettuce that was used is not fresh while the French fries is also hard because of over frying . McDonald’s employee have big problem in the way to serve the customers .Moreover ,the crew are not well trained and low moral values .Some of the crews had been complained that they scolded customer loudly and humiliate the customer in public .The services are unsatisfactory and their attitude is worst .Hygiene of the McDonald’s of franchise also in a bad condition.The McDonald’s transaction accuracy is poor .The crew in McDonald had been complained in transaction accuracy when they gave the customer wrong amount of balance . They show their bad attitude to the customer and some customer was waiting longer time for someone to take order. Otherwise, employee didn’t show theirs smile face and didn’t say thank you to the customers when customer taking theirs food and drinks. Speed of service also is one of the problem that McDonald faced. McDelivery had extend its delivery time to 24 hours yet it still under the poor service .The food that had delivered is out of the consumer expected .The food that had delivered is already cold and not in good condition or the item that included is missing . The playground equipment is complained by the customer .The playground equipment that had in McDonalds is dirty and the lab test proved that the playground equipment is full with the dangerous bacteria , including antibiotic-resistant Staph or MRSA, known to cause potentially life-threatening infections . 4.0 Recommendations Some of the McDonald’s branch should provide enough tables and chairs for the customers to dine in especially in peak time. It is because many of the customers come to McDonald’s for their lunch but don’t have enough place for them to enjoy their meal. The tables and chairs also should spread out so the customers can easily walk through. The branch also should provide some facility to convenient customers like baby changing area, normal separate toilets for male and female, disabled toilet, baby chairs and more so that can improve their customer service and satisfy customers needs. From the customers feedback, they complaint that some of the McDonald’s branch not in clean condition. For example, some customers found out there is cockroach and flies inside the restaurant. McDonald’s also should clean the restaurant and do pest control for each and every restaurant. Employees also need to respond fast to clean the table especially during the peak hours. Employees should do their job responsibility to help customers in term of service to increase the image of McDonald’s. Employees should show their moral value by greeting customer as well as possible. Employees should always be helpful, be patience, courteous and polite. They must listen carefully what customer needs. Besides that, companies are suggest to trained their employees to become fast respond when customers asking some problem. Mcdelivery service should always delivery on time. Employee must to be careful when taking order and quantity and avoid from mistake. McDonalds should improve the food quality .For examples ,the burger and the French fries don’t over frying because it will cause the customer hard to bite it .The lettuce have to serve in fresh and make sure the cheese melt enough before it served . The food also have to serve in hot so that it maintain the good taste . 5.0 Conclusion Until today, McDonald’s continued become one of the most successful fast food chain in the market because McDonald’s keep on monitoring and get the feedback from their customers. From the feedback they got from the customers, they try to increase and delivering better quality of foods and services to the customers including customer service by listening to their customers. That’s why McDonald’s always stay ahead from other competitors. Customers play a important roles as a king .Therefore , the customer service is very important .The company have to serve the customer properly and improve their moral values and attitudes to satisfy the customers. In building strong customer relationships, factors such as trust, knowledge, efficiency, and friendliness are important considerations. These factor are the ways to build and retain customer base. From this assignment ,we had learned the moral values about how to satisfy the customer needs .We should not treat the customers impolitely. We had learned how importance of the customer service to the company. If a company don’t have a good customer service, they might losing customers and also it will affect company reputation and finally the overall company performance also decrease. Furthermore ,we also learned about team works and co operations .Without team works and co operations ,we can’t finished the assignment on time .